| Action | Windows | macOS | Linux | |--------|---------|-------|-------| | Normal refresh | F5 or Ctrl+R | ⌘+R | F5 or Ctrl+R | | Hard refresh (clear cache) | Ctrl+F5 | ⌘+Shift+R or ⌘+Option+R | Ctrl+Shift+R | 💡 Use a hard refresh ( Ctrl+F5 / ⌘+Shift+R ) when a webpage isn't loading correctly — it forces the browser to download the latest version, not use saved files.

Refreshing a webpage or file explorer window is one of the most common computer tasks. The shortcut depends on your operating system and context.